The Transformation of Vertical Restraints: Per Se Illegality, the Rule of Reason and Per Se Legality

Is ENS PER SE the Definition of Substance in Avicenna

Commentary: The Function and Dysfunction of Per Se Rules in Vertical Market Restraints

The Rule of Reason and the Per Se Concept: Price Fixing and Market Division

Competition policy with optimally differentiated rules instead of per se rules vs . rule of reason

Both in US antitrust and EU competition policy a development to a broader application of rule of reason instead of per se rules can be observed. In the European discussion the attempt to base competition policy on a "more economic approach" is mainly viewed as improving the economic analysis in the assessment of specific cases. In this paper it is shown from a general law and economics perspect...

is ens per se the definition of substance in avicenna

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